Golang基础之切片基础习题——李文周老师

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1. 请写出下面代码的输出结果。

<pre><code class="lang-go hljs"><span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token keyword">var</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">make</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> i <span class="token operator">:=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator"> </span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">append</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Sprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%v"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> </code></pre>

运行截图：
结果分析：起初我误以为a切片的类型为int，故推测结果为[0,0,0,0,0,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]，因为int类型的切片其元素有default值——0，而string型没有,所以本题运行结果如图中所示（看清元素之间没有comma）。至于切片扩容，由于新申请的长度都为1不大于旧切片长度的二倍，且旧切片的长度小于1024，所以旧切片长度的二倍就是扩容后的切片容量。
而此题中向string型切片中添加其他类型的元素请参考Go 字符切片中添加其他类型元素，其中涉及到切片类型的转换问题，此处不宜多讲，可参阅其他资料查询。
2. 请使用内置的sort包对数组var a = […]int{3, 7, 8, 9, 1}进行排序（附加题，自行查资料解答）。
代码如下：

<pre><code class="lang-go hljs"><span class="token keyword">package</span> main <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token string">"fmt"</span> <span class="token string">"sort"</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token keyword">var</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">...</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token builtin">int</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">7</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> sort<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Ints</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> </code></pre>

运行结果：
此外，内置的sort包还可以对float、string类型的切片进行排序
参考文章：golang之切片与排序
题目出处：[李文周Go基础之切片基础](https://www.liwenzhou.com/posts/Go/06_slice/)

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