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Mongodb集群分片与集群高级实例

发布时间：2014-08-14   编辑：jiaochengji.com
本文介绍下，Mongodb数据库集群分片与Mongodb数据库集群的高级实例，有需要的朋友参考学习下。

本节内容：
Mongodb集群分片，Mongodb集群高级实例。

之前介绍了简单的MongoDb集群配置实例。
在简单实例中，虽然MongoDB auto-Sharding解决了海量存储问题，和动态扩容问题，但是距离真实环境下所需要的高可靠性和高可用性还有一定的距离。

本节介绍一个接近实际的解决方案：
Shard：使用Replica Sets，来确保数据的可靠性。
通过这个方案，可以在每个节点有数据的备份、实现自动控制容错转移和自动恢复。
Config：使用3个配置服务器，确保元数据完整性
Route：配合LVS，实现负载均衡，提高接入性能。

1、配置集群目录
数据存储目录：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10001 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10002 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10003 
 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10011 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10012 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10013 
 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/config1 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/config2 
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/config3 

日志目录：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/logs 

2、配置 Shard Replica Sets

配置第一组Sets
 

复制代码 代码示例:
//10001 
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10001/ -port=10001 --nohttpinterface --replSet set1 
 
//10002 
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10002/ -port=10002 --nohttpinterface --replSet set1 
 
//10003 
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10003/ -port=10003 --nohttpinterface --replSet set1

配置集群
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongo -port 10001 
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.2 
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:10001/test 
>#配置集合1 
>#构建参数 
>cfg={_id:'set1', 
members:[{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10001'}, 
     {_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10002'}, 
     {_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10003'}] 
}; 
{ 
     "_id":"set1", 
     "members":[ 
          { 
               "_id":1, 
               "host":"192.168.35.106:10001" 
          }, 
          { 
               "_id":2, 
               "host":"192.168.35.106:10002" 
          }, 
          { 
               "_id":3, 
               "host":"192.168.35.106:10003" 
          } 
     ] 
} 
>#让参数生效 
>rs.initiate(cfg); 
{ 
     "info":"Config now saved locally. Should come online in about aminute.", 
     "OK":1 
} 
>#查看运行状态 
>rs.status(); 
{ 
        "set" : "set1", 
        "date" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:46Z"), 
        "myState" : 2, 
        "syncingTo" : "192.168.35.106:10003", 
        "members" : [ 
                { 
                        "_id" : 1, 
                        "name" : "192.168.35.106:10001", 
                        "health" : 1, 
                        "state" : 2, 
                        "stateStr" : "PRIMARY", 
                        "optime" : { 
                                "t" : 1330435339000, 
                                "i" : 2413 
                        }, 
                        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"), 
                        "self" : true 
                }, 
                { 
                        "_id" : 2, 
                        "name" : "192.168.35.106:10002", 
                        "health" : 1, 
                        "state" : 2, 
                        "stateStr" : "SECONDARY", 
                        "uptime" : 1112736, 
                        "optime" : { 
                                "t" : 1330435339000, 
                                "i" : 2413 
                        }, 
                        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"), 
                        "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:45Z"), 
                        "pingMs" : 0 
                }, 
                { 
                        "_id" : 3, 
                        "name" : "192.168.35.106:10003", 
                        "health" : 1, 
                        "state" : 1, 
                        "stateStr" : "SECONDARY", 
                        "uptime" : 1112736, 
                        "optime" : { 
                                "t" : 1330435339000, 
                                "i" : 2413 
                        }, 
                        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"), 
                        "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:46Z"), 
                        "pingMs" : 0 
                } 
        ], 
        "ok" : 1 
} 

配置第二组sets：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
//10011 
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10011/ -port=10011 --nohttpinterface --replSet set2 
 
//10012 
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10012/ -port=10012 --nohttpinterface --replSet set2 
 
//10013 
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10013/ -port=10013 --nohttpinterface --replSet set2 

配置集群：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongo -port 10011 
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.2 
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:10011/test 
>#配置集合1 
>#构建参数 
>cfg={_id:'set2', 
members:[{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10011'}, 
    {_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10012'}, 
    {_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10013'}] 
}; 
{ 
     "_id":"set2", 
     "members":[ 
          { 
               "_id":1, 
               "host":"192.168.35.106:10011" 
          }, 
          { 
               "_id":2, 
               "host":"192.168.35.106:10012" 
          }, 
          { 
               "_id":3, 
               "host":"192.168.35.106:10013" 
          } 
     ] 
} 
>#让参数生效 
>rs.initiate(cfg); 
{ 
     "info":"Config now saved locally. Should come online in about aminute.", 
     "OK":1 
} 
>#查看运行状态 
>rs.status(); 
{ 
        "set" : "set2", 
        "date" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:12:46Z"), 
        "myState" : 2, 
        "syncingTo" : "192.168.35.106:10011", 
        "members" : [ 
                { 
                        "_id" : 1, 
                        "name" : "192.168.35.106:10011", 
                        "health" : 1, 
                        "state" : 2, 
                        "stateStr" : "PRIMARY", 
                        "optime" : { 
                                "t" : 1330435339000, 
                                "i" : 2413 
                        }, 
                        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"), 
                        "self" : true 
                }, 
                { 
                        "_id" : 2, 
                        "name" : "192.168.35.106:10012", 
                        "health" : 1, 
                        "state" : 2, 
                        "stateStr" : "SECONDARY", 
                        "uptime" : 1112736, 
                        "optime" : { 
                                "t" : 1330435339000, 
                                "i" : 2413 
                        }, 
                        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"), 
                        "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:45Z"), 
                        "pingMs" : 0 
                }, 
                { 
                        "_id" : 3, 
                        "name" : "192.168.35.106:10013", 
                        "health" : 1, 
                        "state" : 1, 
                        "stateStr" : "SECONDARY", 
                        "uptime" : 1112736, 
                        "optime" : { 
                                "t" : 1330435339000, 
                                "i" : 2413 
                        }, 
                        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"), 
                        "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:46Z"), 
                        "pingMs" : 0 
                } 
        ], 
        "ok" : 1 
} 

启用config servier：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongod --configsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/config1/ -port=20000 --nohttpinterface 
$ ./mongod --configsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/config2/ -port=20001 --nohttpinterface 
$ ./mongod --configsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/config3/ -port=20002 --nohttpinterface 

启用Route server：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongos -configdb="192.168.35.106:20000,192.168.35.106:20001,192.168.35.106:20002" --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null 
>#查看是否正常运行 
>ps aux|grep mongos|grep -v grep 
root      2726  0.0  0.1 174192  3392 ?        Sl   Feb16   3:20 ./mongos -configdb=192.168.35.106:20000,192.168.35.106:20001,192.168.35.106:20002 --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null 

开始配置Sharding：
 

复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongo -port 10001 
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.2 
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:10001/test 
>#进入管理数据库 
>use admin 
switched to db admin 
>#添加Sharding 
> db.runcommand({addshard:'set1/192.168.35.106:10001,192.168.35.106:10002,192.168.35.106:10003'}) 
{"shardAdded":"set1","ok":1} 
> db.runCommand({addshard:'set2/192.168.35.106:10011,192.168.35.106:10012,192.168.35.106:10013'}) 
{"shardAdded":"set2","ok":1} 
>#让test数据库支持Sharding 
>db.runCommand({enablesharding:'test'}) 
{"ok":1} 
>#让数据库中的一个集合生效，且根据ID来进行分片 
>db.runCommand({shardcollection:'test.user',key:{_id:1}}) 
{"collectionshrded":"test.user","ok":1} 
 

注：另外可以通过下面两个命令查看sharding情况: 
 

复制代码 代码示例:
>db.runCommand({listshards:1} 
>printShardingStatus(); 

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