<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;"><path stroke-linecap="round" d="M5,0 0,2.5 5,5z" id="raphael-marker-block" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"/></svg><h3>
2.依赖倒转原则</h5>
如果我们在设计一个系统的时候，将模块分为3个层次，抽象层、实现层、业务逻辑层。那么，我们首先将抽象层的模块和接口定义出来，这里就需要了interface 接口的设计，然后我们依照抽象层，依次实现每个实现层的模块，在我们写实现层代码的时候，实际上我们只需要参考对应的抽象层实现就好了，实现每个模块，也和其他的实现的模块没有关系，这样也符合了上面介绍的开闭原则。这样实现起来每个模块只依赖对象的接口，而和其他模块没关系，依赖关系单一。系统容易扩展和维护。 我们在指定业务逻辑时也是一样，只需要参考抽象层的接口来处理业务，抽象层暴露出来的接口就是我们业务层可以使用的方法，然后可以通过多态，接口指针指向哪个实现模块，调用了的就是具体的实现方法，这样我们业务逻辑层也是依赖抽象层编程。
<pre><code class="lang-go hljs"><span class="token keyword">package</span> main
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token string">"fmt"</span>
<span class="token comment">// ===== > 抽象层 < ========</span>
<span class="token keyword">type</span> Barking <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">Voice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">type</span> Animal <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">Bark</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>barking Barking<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// ===== > 实现层 < ========</span>
<span class="token keyword">type</span> Dog <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>dog <span class="token operator">*</span>Dog<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token function">Bark</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>barking Barking<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"狗在叫"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
barking<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Voice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">type</span> Cat <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cat <span class="token operator">*</span>Cat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token function">Bark</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>barking Barking<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"猫在叫"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
barking<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Voice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">type</span> DogBark <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>dogbark <span class="token operator">*</span>DogBark<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token function">Voice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"汪汪汪"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">type</span> CatBark <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>catbark <span class="token operator">*</span>CatBark<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token function">Voice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"喵喵喵"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// ===== > 业务逻辑层 < ========</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> animal Animal
<span class="token keyword">var</span> listenbarking Barking
animal<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&</span>Dog<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
listenbarking<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&</span>DogBark<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
animal<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Bark</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>listenbarking<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
animal<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&</span>Cat<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
listenbarking<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&</span>CatBark<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
animal<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Bark</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>listenbarking<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<blockquote class="layui-elem-quote" style="width: 100%;overflow:hidden">
作者： hbshhb
链接： https://blog.csdn.net/hbshhb/article/details/90468168
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
</blockquote>
到此这篇关于“使用Golang的interface接口设计原则”的文章就介绍到这了,更多文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章，希望大家以后多多支持JQ教程网！
您可能感兴趣的文章：
golang 初始化并赋值_Golang | 既是接口又是类型，interface是什么神仙用法？
Golang必备技巧：接口型函数
2020-10-18Go语言接口
Go 接口(interface)的基本介绍、特点及语法说明
Go语言基础之接口(面向对象编程下)
浅谈golang中的接口
goLang 类型断言 type assertion
Go语言interface详解
真的理解go interface了吗？
golang接口初解析
